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Legislative Development of Labor Mobility in the European Communities
Šubrt, Michael ; Lukešová, Anna (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the legislative development of labor mobility within the European Communities. The key research question is formulated as: "What has been the development of labor mobility within the European Communities and what legislative changes has this phenomenon undergone?" That makes this thesis a historical single-case study focused on one particular European policy. To explain the development, this thesis analyses primary sources (e.g., the primary and secondary European legislation and international treaties) but it also considers secondary legislation and the broader context. The main article is divided into four subchapters, each dedicated to the development in particular periods: before the establishment of the European Economic Community, after the Treaties of Rome, after the Single European Act, and finally after the establishment of the European Union by the Maastricht Treaty. The conclusion provides a summary of the findings.
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European Mobility from the Perspective of European Integration
Šubrt, Michael ; Lukešová, Anna (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the institutional development of European mobility in the European Communities and the European Union. The phenomenon of mobility is understood as freedom of movement for workers, which evolved into the freedom of movement for all European Union citizens. The key research question is formulated as: "Where and when might the origin of the European mobility be found?" and "How has it evolved since?" That makes this thesis a historical case study focused on one particular European policy. To explain the development, this thesis analyses primary sources (e.g. the European legislation) and secondary literature. The historical section is divided into six subchapters, which describe the development in particular periods: before the establishment of the European Economic Community, after the Treaties of Rome, after the Single European Act, after the establishment of the European Union by the Maastricht Treaty, after the Amsterdam Treaty and finally after the Treaty of Lisbon reforms. In the final discussion, the ascertained knowledge is confronted with some of the European integration theories (e.g. the theory of major historical breaks or neofunctionalism).
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Czechoslovakia and the Maastricht Treaty
ČAPKOVÁ, Anna
The bachelor thesis deals with the gradual transformation of the European Communities into the European Union since the 1980s, which was created on the basis of the signing of the official document (the Maastricht Treaty) in Maastricht, the Netherlands, in 1992. This treaty made a major contribution to the deepening of European integration and was also a significant event for the former Eastern bloc states, including the Czechoslovak Republic. The text also deals with the relations between the former Czechoslovakia and the European Community. The socio-political changes initiated in November 1989 meant, among other things, an attempt to 'return to Europe'. This slogan was used to express a certain effort to reintegrate back into the geopolitical space of an integrated Europe.
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Britain in the European Communities under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
Šebík, Ondrej ; Lenčéš Chalániová, Daniela (advisor) ; Martinková, Viera (referee)
This thesis aims to determine whether Margaret Thatcher's European policy was ideologically consistent with conservativism. The record of the British Conservative Party on European policy is inconsistent. The party that initiated Brexit was the same party that integrated the United Kingdom into the European Communities under conservative prime ministers Heath, Thatcher and Major. The divergence begs the question of what conservative European policy really looks like. The thesis therefore first defines conservatism and what parameters will be used in the subsequent comparison. Subsequently, Thatcher's decisions, views and actions in the European Communities will be compared against these parameters. Although with minor derivations, the thesis concludes that Margaret Thatcher's European policy fulfils the definition of conservative.
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Norwegian Accession Process to the EC/EU Compared with Denmark and Sweden
Trmalová, Eliška ; Svobodný, Petr (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
In the second half of the twentieth century Norway repeatedly made efforts to become a member of the European Communities, which were later incorporated into the newly created European Union. Two referendums were held - in 1972 and 1994 and in both of them Norwegian citizens decided that Norway will not become a member of the EC/EU. Outcomes of the referendums were narrow, though. Interesting fact is, that referendums in the neighbor states - Denmark (1972) and Sweden (1994) ended up in favor of the European Communities/ the European Union. Bachelor thesis called "Norwegian Accession Process to the EC/EU Compared with Denmark and Sweden" concentrates on reasons of the different outcome of referendums in Norway compared to Denmark and Sweden. These Scandinavian countries have many similar characteristics, therefore was expected similar outcome. In my opinion there are three main reasons for the different results of the referendums. Firstly, there are Norwegian specifics, such as widely popular fishing and protection of agriculture. Second are economic reasons that are linked to big profits from crude oil and natural gas export. Last reason is strong national pride and fear of losing the decision making in key subjects. In the Norwegian society is still existing trauma connected with history and it is closely...
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Norwegian Accession Process to the EC/EU Compared with Denmark and Sweden
Trmalová, Eliška ; Svobodný, Petr (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
In the second half of the twentieth century Norway repeatedly made efforts to become a member of the European Communities, which were later incorporated into the newly created European Union. Two referendums were held - in 1972 and 1994 and in both of them Norwegian citizens decided that Norway will not become a member of the EC/EU. Outcomes of the referendums were narrow, though. Interesting fact is, that referendums in the neighbor states - Denmark (1972) and Sweden (1994) ended up in favor of the European Communities/ the European Union. Bachelor thesis called "Norwegian Accession Process to the EC/EU Compared with Denmark and Sweden" concentrates on reasons of the different outcome of referendums in Norway compared to Denmark and Sweden. These Scandinavian countries have many similar characteristics, therefore was expected similar outcome. In my opinion there are three main reasons for the different results of the referendums. Firstly, there are Norwegian specifics, such as widely popular fishing and protection of agriculture. Second are economic reasons that are linked to big profits from crude oil and natural gas export. Last reason is strong national pride and fear of losing the decision making in key subjects. In the Norwegian society is still existing trauma connected with history and it is closely...
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The Helsinki Conference and the Cold War
Hannibal, Marek ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
This Thesis is to examine the topic of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe which took place in 1973-1975. The proposals to convene the Security Conference date back to the fifties, when the Soviet Union called on the European countries to attend the Conference in order to resolve the security situation in Europe. During my research, I asked what motives were behind the invitation to convene the Conference and what caused the failure of these initiatives. I prove that the ultimate goal of the Soviet Union was not the conclusion of the collective agreement, but rather to weaken the West. In chronologic order I follow the development of the relations between the Warsaw Pact and the NATO in the sixties, which eventually led to the start of the Conference in 1973. I also describe interests of groups of countries during the Conference and analyze their role in the adoption of the Final Act.
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Portugal's integration into the European Communities
Řeháková, Anna ; Šušlíková, Lada (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The main subject of this bachelor thesis is the change of Portugal during the years 1974-1986. In the beginning there was the transition from authoritarian to democratic regime. Major political and economical reforms were started. There was also a change of direction in the foreign policy. Portugal resigned on keeping colonial empire, which had been very expensive, and started to focus on Europe - and especially the European Communities. This thesis examines the influence of political and economical transition on the running integration process and the influence of European Communities on the process of democratization and economical reforms (in Portugal). The last point of the main subject of the thesis is Portugal's entry to the European Communities. Besides the main subject the thesis describes the political and historical development of Portugal since the first republic, going from authoritarian regime to democratization. Another subject is Portugal's role in European Communities and the support of its citizens toward the EC. At last but not at least there is mentioned the change of European Communities during and after the second south enlargement.
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Causes of Finnish Foreign Policy Transformation in Late 1980's and Early 1990's
Žilka, Jakub ; Švec, Luboš (advisor) ; Skálová, Barbora (referee)
This thesis focuses on the development of the Finnish foreign policy from the late 1980's to the early 1990's. Special attention is given to the role of the Soviet Union in this process. Other factors decisive for the change in the Finnish foreign policy course are also analyzed. Finland tried to ensure its security by pursuing policy of neutrality and at the same time developing especially good relations with the Soviet Union as a preventive measure. Mikhail Gorbachev changed not only the Soviet Union but also the dynamics of Finnish-Soviet relations. Finland was able to act more assuredly and independently, nevertheless its politicians still employed caution and well-established wait-and-see policy. The changing nature of the integration within the European Communities was another strong incentive to the foreign policy change. For there was a danger of isolation and disadvantageous trade condition if a small state like Finland opted to stay outside the quickly developing Common European Market and political union. Also in the early 1990s the Warsaw Pact, the Eastern bloc as well as the Soviet Union itself were dissolved, effectively changing the international world order. During this period Finland was able to establish more even relations with Soviet Union, respectively Russia as its main...
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Luxembourg in international relations
Strnad, Michal ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
This thesis deals with the general topic of small states in international relations based on a case study of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The case study analyses the behaviour of Luxembourg as a small state in international relations from 1839 up to 1960s. It concentrates on seven main periods and phases in the history of this small country - membership in the German Customs Union as a member and as a non-member of the German Confederation, the neutralisation of Luxembourg, WWI and the violation of neutrality, membership in the Belgium-Luxembourg economic union, WWII, and the membership in the Benelux Union and the European Communities. The main aim of this thesis is to come to a conclusion, which aspects of the behaviour of Luxembourg can be described as universal behaviour patterns of small states and which aspects were specific only to the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
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